Faster than 5G | Future Ultrahigh-speed Wireless Data Transmission

TERAHERTZ TRANSMITTER:

Researchers have developed a terahertz (THz) transmitter capable of transmitting digital data at a rate 10 times or more faster than that offered by the fifth-generation mobile networks (5G) expected to appear around 2020. The terahertz transmitter could make it possible for the whole content on a DVD (digital versatile disk) to be transferred in a fraction of a second, according to the research scheduled to be presented at the International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) 2017 being held from February 5-9 in San Francisco, California. 

The research group has developed a transmitter that achieves a communication speed of 105 gigabits per second using the frequency range from 290 gigahertz (GHz) to 315 GHz. This range of frequencies are currently unallocated but fall within the frequency range from 275 GHz to 450 GHz, whose usage is to be discussed at the World Radio communication Conference (WRC) 2019 under the International Telecommunication Union Radio-communication Section (ITU-R). 

WORKING:

Last year, the group demonstrated that the speed of a wireless link in the 300-GHz band could be greatly enhanced by using quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). This year, they showed six times higher per-channel data rate, exceeding 100 gigabits per second for the first time as an integrated-circuit-based transmitter. This made the per-channel data rate above 10.

"We usually talk about wireless data rates in megabits per second or gigabits per second. But we are now approaching terabits per second using a plain simple single communication channel,"  said one of the researchers Minoru Fujishima, Professor at Hiroshima University in Japan.

The terahertz band is a new and vast frequency resource expected to be used for future ultrahigh-speed wireless communications. 

"Terahertz could offer ultrahigh-speed links to satellites as well, which can only be wireless. That could, in turn, significantly boost in-flight network connection speeds, for example. Other possible applications include fast download from contents servers to mobile devices and ultra-fast wireless links between base stations," Fujishima added. 

The research group from Hiroshima University, Japan's National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, and Panasonic Corporation plans to further develop 300-GHz ultrahigh-speed wireless circuits. 

Future Toys - Mind Controlled Interfaces

BRAIN CONTROLLED INTERFACES:

As people get their first taste of voice-controlled home robots and motion-based virtual realities, a quiet swath of technologists are thinking big picture about what comes after that. The answer has major implications for the way we’ll interact with our devices in the near future.

A new method of interacting with your everyday devices is to control them with your brain. this idea has picked up pace after some recent events in tech industry and the pioneer of producing such systems which allow us to control devices using brain is NEURABLE. 

This boston based startup  which was recently granted $2 million by Ann Arbor-to-Cambridge transplant in a seed round led by Brian Shin of BOSS Syndicate, a Boston-based alliance of regionally focused angel investors. Other investors include PJC, Loup Ventures and NXT Ventures. Previously, the company took home more than $400,000 after bagging the second-place prize at the Rice Business Plan Competition.

Unlike other neuro-startups like Interaxon’s Muse and Thync , Neurable has no intention to build its own hardware, instead relying on readily available electroencephalography (EEG) devices, which usually resemble a cap or a headband. Equipped with multiple sensors that can detect and map electrical activity in the brain.

Brain Controlled Robot Interface Employs Artificial Intelligence to Bridge Communication Gap

EEG headsets record neural activity which can then be interpreted by custom software and translated into an output. Such a system is known as a brain computer interface, or BCI. The BCI's are best known for their applications for people with severe disabilities, like ALS and other neuromuscular conditions. The problem is that most of these systems are really slow; it can take 20 seconds for a wearer to execute a simple action, like choosing one of two symbols on a screen.

Neurable’s core innovation is a machine learning method that could cut down the processing wait so that user selection happens in real time. The same new analysis approach will also tackle the BCI signal to noise issue, amplifying the quality of the data to yield a more robust data set.

Instead of measuring specific brainwaves, Neurable’s software is powered by what Alcaide calls a “brain shape.” Measuring this shape — a pattern of responsive brain activity known as an event-related potential — is a way to gauge if a stimulus or other kind of event is important to the user. This brain imaging notion, roughly an observation of cause and effect, has actually been around in some form for at least 40 years.

“Our vision is to make this the standard human interaction platform for any hardware or software device,” Ramses Alcaide - one of the founders of neurable - said in an interview. “So people can walk into their homes or their offices and take control of their devices using a combination of their augmented reality systems and their brain activity.”. Alcaide said. “In the long game, we want to become that piece of software that runs on every hardware and software application that allows you to interpret brain activity."

A New Dawn of Cancer Research

CANCER IMMUNO-THERAPY:

Technologies and approaches from the physical sciences and engineering can act as enabling partners with biology to find solutions to difficult problems in medicine. Because the immune system plays a critical role in disease, engineering approaches grounded in immunology may hold the key to the discovery and development of novel treatments for cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmunity.

Cancer Immunotherapy is also known as “targeted therapy” in which drugs specifically target molecules on cancer cells that are responsible for their growth and spread. They do not have the broad spectrum of action that chemotherapy does, and whereas chemotherapy kills cancer cells (in addition to normal cells) targeted therapies will block the tumor cells from proliferating.

Targeted therapies are focused on the aberration present in the cancer, whether that is abnormal proteins on the cell surface or chromosomal abnormalities within the cell nucleus. Targeted therapies can be monoclonal antibodies, which are large molecules that interact with targets outside the cell, or they can be small-molecule compounds that are capable of entering the cell.

A study recently published in the journal Structure reveals how researchers are engineering immune cells to have enhanced capabilities of recognizing foreign proteins (antigens) on the surface of cancer cells.

“Our study demonstrates new routes for custom designing functional T cell receptors with optimal antigen recognition properties. This will help open the door for customized specificity in order to optimize T cell targeting and killing,” said the head of the research team, Brian Baker, PhD, Professor and Associate Dean at the University of Notre Dame. “Immunotherapy is changing how cancer is treated.”

T cells are the guardian cells of the immune system that surveille and destroy cancer cells. Receptors on T cell surfaces will recognize foreign proteins on invaders (be it on bacteria, viruses or cancer). Researchers at Notre Dame wanted a better understanding of the specificity of T cell receptor (TCR) for the purposes of manipulating it. They successfully engineered a switch on the TCRs that is responsible for recognition of foreign proteins, specifically proteins on the surface of cancerous cells – which enabled a directed and “laser-like accuracy” immune response to cancer.

Future Of Artificial Intelligence - Utter Damnation

AN A.I FUTURE:

Intelligence is a matter of information processing in physical systems. Actually, this is a little bit more than an assumption. Narrow intelligence have already been built into our machines, and many of these machines perform at a level of superhuman intelligence already. 

Considering the fact that mere matter can give rise to so called "general intelligence," an ability to think flexibly across multiple domains, because our brains have managed it. There's just atoms in our brain, and as long as we continue to build systems of atoms that display more and more intelligent behavior, we will eventually build general intelligence into our machines.

It is more likely that we will keep going because intelligence is either the source of everything we value or we need it to safeguard everything we value. We have problems that we desperately need to solve. We want to understand economic systems. We want to cure diseases like Alzheimer's and cancer.We want to improve our climate science. So we will do this, if we want to achieve our goals.

We don't stand on a peak of intelligence, or anywhere near it, likely. And this really is the crucial insight. This is what makes our situation so uncertain, and this is what makes our instincts about risk so unreliable. Suppose if some region in the world creates such a form of AI then that region will be standing on the verge of a full scale war to be imposed on it by other regions. Because other regions will try to do anything to stop that progress because having such an AI can put you years in front of others.

Moreover, such AI systems will have a capability to improve and become better at such rates that it would even become difficult for us Humans to keep track of them as our biochemical system is not as fast as the electronic systems of the computers. So machines will be developed which can do work faster than human beings and a time will come when the machines will be our labor, in almost every job we can imagine.

This will cause a level of wealth inequality and unemployment that we have never seen before. Absent a willingness to immediately put this new wealth to the service of all humanity, a few trillionairess could grace the covers of our business magazines while the rest of the world would be free to starve. Humans will be rid of their most intellectual work.

Now if we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence, that some appropriate computational system is what the basis of intelligence is, and we admit that we will improve these systems continuously, then we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god. Now would be a good time to make sure it's a god we can live with.

The Helping Hand - Bionic Arm now a Reality

Future of Human Augmentation:

Artificial augmentation of humans is the core flash-point between the different factions in the Sci-Fi game Deus Ex: Mankind Divided, coming on August 23. But mechanically augmented humans aren’t science fiction anymore.

Robotics startup "Open Bionics" has created an artificial arm based on the augmented human character, Adam Jensen, in "Deus Ex". It’s part of a bigger merchandising plan to bring the universe of Deus Ex to life. The prosthetic arm and hand operate via remote control, using Razer’s Stargazer camera and motion-tracking technology. Intel has also helped.

Eidos Montreal, the studio making the game, began working a while ago with its partners to bring Deus Ex-inspired augmentations to life. They’re bridging the gap between fiction and reality with technologies such as 3D printing, scanning, bionics, and motion sensing.

“Our friends kept telling us to make something with Open Bionics in real life,” said Sacha Ramtohul, community manager at Eidos Montreal, in an interview with "GamesBeat". “We got together last year to start on it. Open Bionics is still working on the technology.”

They are creating affordable 3D-printed bionic hands that could work for people who need them. The “Augmented Future” initiative is eerily close the story line of Deus Ex. Except it is happening even sooner than the original game creators predicted. In the game, the big year is 2027, but at 2017, They are even farther along than anticipated. But this “Trans-human” project definitely a case of life imitating art.

The Razer “Stargazer” camera and a motion tracking technology will help to bring this bionic arm initiative to a virtual setting, allowing people to digitally ‘try on’ the arm at events, effectively enabling a real-time demonstration of how the arm would look and move if it they were actually using it.



The first arms are expected to debut in 2017. The Deus Ex team started working on the project in 2015 with Open Bionics. Open Bionics is based at the Bristol Robotics Laboratory, the biggest robotics lab in Europe. The company’s arms tend to be cheaper than other bionic limbs because they are based on 3D-printed designs. So, almost every disabled person will now be able to interact again. And the bionic arm may not feel like real thing but it is a lot better than nothing..

Data Storage on DNA - New Evolving Technology | Amazing Facts

DNA DIGITAL DATA STORING:

A New technique developed by University of Washington and Microsoft researchers could shrink the space needed to store digital data. They have detailed one of the first complete systems to encode, store and retrieve digital data using DNA molecules, which can store information millions of times more compactly than current archival technologies.

In one of their experiments, the team successfully encoded digital data from four image files into the nucleotide sequences of synthetic DNA snippets. More significantly, they were also able to reverse that process - retrieving the correct sequences from a larger pool of DNA and reconstructing the images without losing a single byte of information.

We will be facing a major issue for compressing and finding means to store and handle the digital universe - all the data contained in our computer files, historic archives, movies, photo collections and the exploding volume of digital information collected by businesses and devices worldwide - is expected to hit 44 trillion gigabytes by 2020. 

"Life has produced this fantastic molecule called DNA that efficiently stores all kinds of information about your genes and how a living system works - it's very, very compact and very durable," said co-author Luis Ceze, UW associate professor of computer science and engineering."We're essentially re-purposing it to store digital data - pictures, videos, documents - in a manageable way for hundreds or thousands of years."

Storage Capacity of DNA:

DNA molecules can store information many millions of times more densely than existing technologies for digital storage - flash drives, hard drives, magnetic and optical media. Those systems also degrade after a few years or decades, while DNA can reliably preserve information for centuries. DNA is best suited for archival applications, rather than instances where files need to be accessed immediately.

Storage Capacity of DNA

First, the researchers developed an approach to convert the long strings of ones and zeroes in digital data into the four basic building blocks of DNA sequences - adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.The digital data is chopped into pieces and stored by synthesizing a massive number of tiny DNA molecules, which can be dehydrated or otherwise preserved for long-term storage.

The UW and Microsoft researchers are one of two teams nationwide that have also demonstrated the ability to perform "random access" - to identify and retrieve the correct sequences from this large pool of random DNA molecules, which is a task similar to reassembling one chapter of a story from a library of torn books.

To access the stored data later, the researchers also encode the equivalent of zip codes and street addresses into the DNA sequences. Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques - commonly used in molecular biology - helps them more easily identify the zip codes they are looking for. Using DNA sequencing techniques, the researchers can then "read" the data and convert them back to a video, image or document file by using the street addresses to reorder the data.

Currently, the largest barrier to viable DNA storage is the cost and efficiency with which DNA can be synthesized and sequenced (or read) on a large scale. But researchers say there's no technical barrier to achieving those gains if the right incentives are in place. 

Spreading Light in the Darkness | Bionic Eye

Bionic eyes - A look into the future:

The field of bionics has transformed medicine for centuries, as far back as the ancient Egyptians who created bespoke toes from wood and leather. During the 20th century mechanical and electronic advances made heart pacemakers and more sophisticated prosthetic limbs which had a tendency to feel were also developed.

In 1958 a USF  colonel who was also a doctor coined the term "Bionics". In the same year a 43 year old engineer in Sweden got the first heart pacemaker which was still under testing. He kept felling unconscious and had to be revived 20 to 30 times a day. He lived to the age of 86 years and had 23 pacemakers replaced in his life time.

In 60's, a bionic eye was developed but due to primal tech as compared to modern tech it could not flourish. But now we have miniature wireless and electronic components and tech which can be used easily and in a better way.

Now, researchers are creating bionic eyes to help blind people see again. Neurosurgeon Jeffrey Rosenfeld, director of the Monash institute of medical engineering in Australia, hopes to implant tiny “ceramic micro-electrode tiles” into the brain’s visual cortex of blind volunteers this year – bypassing the normal visual pathway

You don’t even need eyeballs. A digital camera mounted on a pair of glasses captures images which are then processed in a device about the size of a mobile phone. The resulting image is then transferred wirelessly to the tiles in the brain – the more tiles, the more detailed the image.

When we talk about the detail of image, primitive tech involved pictures with like 60 to 80 pixels but now the pixel quantity has improved to 500 to 600 pixels. Naturally our eyes can generate more than a million pixels but 500 to 600 pixels are enough. Trust me, ask blind people if they could just see a vague image, they would do anything, just to even have a glimpse.

Such techniques designed to help people with disabilities could also be adopted by others wanting to enhance their own senses or performance. Though it is difficult to promise that the blind people could see the faces of their loved ones but they can help a blind person understand the dimensions of objects around him and he can easily find his way.

The problems holding back the application of bionic eyes is that the electrodes we have can cause inflammation or some reaction if kept embedded in the brain for a long time as they are normally made of iridium and such metals. And also that it needs more testing on humans though it is being tested on sheep, just to understand how their brain precepts those electric signals.

Feel free to comment and share your thought, if you know more about this please comment about it to help others. 

How to use Free WiFi at Airports around the World - Amazing Facts

Free Wi-Fi at Airports:

Free WiFi at Airports.

In the modern age people are very much dependent on their smartphones and laptop whether it is for entertainment or for work. And in order to stay connected we need internet.  Is there anything more annoying than having to pay for Wi-Fi, that basic of human rights?. Normally we have Wi-Fi in our home work places etc. But one thing every body loves more than Pizza is Free internet. 




When we are travelling it is difficult to access internet. nowadays most of the people travel on airplanes as it is much safer and faster than other conventional means of transport. but the long waiting at the airports can stress the minds. Because most of the people are not aware of free WiFi at the airports and even if they are they don't know the password.

Anil Polat, a travel blogger and computer security engineer, did us an amazing favor by creating a map on google showing the major airports of the world. when you click on the respective airport, its WiFi password and details are shown to you so that you can easily connect to the WiFi and pass your time without waiting for long hours doing nothing.

Polat, who hopes to visit every country in the world, has a blog called foXoMad, which aims to help people "travel smarter." His WiFox map is based on the information submitted by the travelers and is cross checked to give actual details about the respective WiFi spot. His map is also updated regularly. He also made an app for Android and IOS users.

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America in Real Danger - As per Peru Shamans Predicted for 2017

2017 a chaotic year for America and the world.

In 2016 like every other year we saw many changes and incidents, but there was one thing for sure that in 2016 the intensity of these changes and incidents, was considerably more than the previous years. 

For an instance terrorism and terrorist related activities increased all around the world, new scandals were seen mostly about government officials. 



The astrologers or "shamans" of Peru have predicted that 2017 will be a horrible year for the whole world. 

Now some of us would question the credibility of the astrologers, last year they predicted about the terrorist attacks in Paris and Europe and it came true. They also predicted the "double victory" of America's 
President Barack Obama and it came true.



Now for 2017 they have predicted that under the presidency of Donald Trump, ongoing conflicts all around the world will become worse and more intense and the American-Israeli alliance will strengthen. 

He also said that this year won't be so good for Latin-America. They said that trump and Vladimir Putin would need to exercise “calm” as they carry on their duties, "they are competing for military power. Putin has declared that his country, Russia, is more armed than the United States". 

They stressed on the effects of Donald Trump being elected as the President of America as they think that it would not only just affect America or the different races in America but it would effect the whole world.

They also predicted an "exit to the sea” for Bolivia, meaning that the country would will make some gains in their claim to the coastal region taken by Chile in 1879 during the war of the pacific. 

And referring to natural disasters they claimed to have visualized "droughts, tornadoes or tsunamis," because "mother earth is upset, her heart is bleeding, she's hurt."

They said that there will be "some attacks" near Spain and that Mariano Roy, the head of Spanish government will be in the face of "conflicts". Terrorist activities all around the world will increase and become more intense.

The rituals of Shamans carry out at the sea every year seek to bring tranquility and peace of mind in the upcoming year. They said, adding that in order to have good luck in 2017 one would need to have "six-yellow-colored-fruits " and "pass a quince (fruit) over the whole body" and the "blow on it". This will "change your life" he concluded.





But still we can't surely see into the future for now, the only thing we can do other than such rituals is to hope for the best and do good ourselves. Because if we really want to bring a change in the World, then we must change ourselves for good first.

Mystery or Fact? Most fatal day of the year.

THE FACT AND MYSTERY OF DEATHS IN AMERICA ON NEW YEAR DAY:

According to recent research done in University of California, it has been brought into light the fact and mystery about the number of deaths occurring in America on the first of January is overwhelmingly greater than any other day in the whole year. So if we are to say that most of the deaths in America occur on first of January.

Deaths in America

In this research death certificates of Americans dating back to 25 years were examined which were issued on the first (1st) of January and most of the deaths were due to a natural cause.



The research included the data of Americans who died of a natural cause and it was observed that deaths occurring due to a simple, life threatening diseases or due to old age were numerous while deaths due to some accidents were not included.

While it is a hard fact in America, this mystery has also been observed in other parts of the world. For an instance, figures from the National Records of Scotland show a similar pattern. Between 2008 and 2013 the annualised daily average death figure was round about 149 but this rose to 166 deaths per day for January. Similarly the annual reports of the registrar general for Northern Ireland show that the number of deaths during January is 10% higher than the annualised daily figure.

One of the conclusion was that the deaths are mostly due to cold weather, as it is a common misconception that people are more susceptible to diseases in winter.

"Many of us think that when the weather is cold outside we're going to be much more likely to get sick and that actually is not true at all," says Rachel Vreeman, a global health researcher."They test this by putting cold viruses right into people's noses and then exposing them to very cold temperatures, having them wear warm clothing or not warm clothing, hats on or no hats, and they see no difference in how likely you are to get sick."

But still the mystery remains unsolved. David Philip, a professional in researching about the deaths in America says that its difficult to draw a conclusion about most of the deaths occurring on the first of January. But it is still a fact, and a mystery.

Keep following us for more amazing facts and mysteries. Because we want you to have legitimate content and facts about almost everything happening around us.

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Experimental error! or a Reality? Amazing Facts about EmDrive

The EmDrive

Also known as "RF resonant cavity thruster" is new principle of electric propulsion for spacecraft has been introduced, which involves the use of microwave technology for the direct conversion of D.C power to thrust without the need for propellant.
The concept of EmDrive was basically introduced by Roger Shawyer, an aerospace engineer in 2001 and promotes the concept through his company "Satellite Propulsion Research LTD (SPRLTD)".

China and America started work on the EmDrive in 2010. After six years in December 2016 China claimed the successful operation of EmDrive engine succeeding America Again.
Dr. Chan Yu director of the CAST (China Academy of Space and technology) has confirmed the successful operation of EmDrive Technology on Dec 10, 2016. Moreover the CAST is planning for practical operation of EmDrive technology in space in September 2017.
A simplified description of the principles of the operation of EmDrive is given. The implications of the law of conservation of energy are examined for both static and dynamic operation of the device. 

Basic Principles

This technique involves the use of radiation pressure at microwave frequencies, in an engine which provides direct conversion from microwave energy to thrust, without the need for propellant.

Microwave energy is fed from a magnetron via a tuned feed to a closed tapered wave-guide, whose overall electrical length gives resonance at the operating frequency of the magnetron.
The group velocity of the electromagnetic wave at the end plate of the larger section is higher than the group velocity at the end plate of the smaller section.  Thus the radiation pressure at the larger end plate is higher than that at the smaller end plate. The resulting force difference is multiplied by the resonant assembly.

Pros and Cons:

There have been no cons of EmDrive till now but the Pros are as under.

• This successful operation of EmDrive engine will make a rapid change in Aerospace Technology in every aspect.

• The spacecraft using EmDrive Technology will be very light in weight and very quick than the rest due to zero consumption of any kind of Fuel.

• As EmDrive technology does not follow the 3rd law of Newton (action and reaction are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction), it will be cost efficient due to zero consumption of any kind of fuel.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           If this Theory comes true, and the Chinese claim becomes truth, the spacecraft will be able to reach Mars in only ten days, will you believe this? Only Ten days. Now scientists will be able to reach other planets in very short time and we people will be able know truths about other planet’s life. I am really excited about this.